Peters



ILPETERS, PNOTU-LITMGCRAFHEH, WASHINGTON, 0. C.

ALFRED BIGELOW AND J. BUTLER,` OF GRANVILLE, OHIO.

LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent No.` 61,035, dated January 16, .1849.

To all 'whom 15 may concern Be 1t known that we, ALFRED Brumm` andJUSTUS BUTLER, of Granville, Licking county, Chio, have inventeda newand useful Improvement in the Construction of Loo-ms, which is describedas follows, ref# erence being had to the annexed drawing, making a partof the specification, in which- A is an isometrical draw-ing of theloom. Y B is a front view of the marcher 4plate and itsy appendages.

C is an end, and D a 'bottom View of the plate, and H is a figure toexplain the operation of the catch 37.

M is an isometrical drawing of the marcher, oblique slide, marcherslide, and catch 37. A

E ,represents the picker arm and picker staff, viewed from the end ofthe loom.

F represents the top, and Gr the bottom, ofthe picker table. Y

I is a side view of the slide spring 20.

L is a figure to explain the operation of the alternator 27, and pickervalve 26.

In drawing A, 4 is the main shaft.

5 is one of the cranks that drive the lathe;

G the lathe pitman; 7 is the lathe, 8 the.

, F) 16 the picker roller (as seen in E and F) 17 and 18 are pins in thelower part of the picker arm (see drawings A, E and G) 19 is a pin inthe slide, spring 20 (as seen in the drawings A, E and Cr) 20 is theslide spring (seen in Gr and I) 21 is the picker table (as seen indrawings A, F and Gr); 22-23 is a mortise in the picker table (seedrawings F and G) 22, 24, 25 is a forked furrow in the top of the table(see drawings A, F) 26 is the picker valve (see drawings A F and L) 27is the alternator (see drawings G and L), (for 28, 29, 30, 31 and 32 seedrawing-A) 28 is a crank, 29 aA pitman, 30 a lever, 31 a fulcrum, 32 aguide for v the lever 30, 33 is the marcher pit-man (see drawings A andB) 34 is the marcher (see drawings A, B, C, M and D); 35 is the marcherslide, 36 is an oblique slide onithe marcher, 37 the catch (for thesesee draw- (see drawings B, C) 39 pinson the ends of the levers (seedrawings B C 1and D) 40 is a setY of catch springs (see drawings A B andC) 41 the heddle guide (see A,'B and C) 42 a spiral spring.(see drawingsA, C, D and M); for the following see drawing A: 43 the heddle bars, 44theheddle rollers, 45 .1s the warp beam, 46 the warp roller, 47 the`breast beam, 48 the cloth beam.

onstructz'oa md 0peratz'0n.`-The loom is driven by a strap on a pulley,similar to other looms. The main shaft, crank, lathe pit-men, lathe,shuttle box, protection rod,

and the contrivance for rolling up the cloth,

are yall like that of other looms, and consequently need no description.1

iDescrz'ptz'oa of the picker tabla-The picker table is a table likepiece of metal,

bolted. to theframefof t-he loom, having the straight branch of thefurrow 22, 24 ,(see

drawings A and F) parallel to the motion of the lathe. The crookedbranch of the vfurrow 24, 25 (see drawings A, F) turns inward at'thefront end of the picker valveV at an inclination with the other, 22, 24(see ings B, C, D and M) 38 is a set-of levers sov A F) sufficient to.give the required velocity e to the picker stad, and a departuresufficient to movethe picker staff the required distance. The remainderof the furrow 24, 25

(see A F), inthe direction of the oblique.rv part of the crooked furrow,and equal to the dis`y tance across the crooked furrow in the direcltion of the straight furrow, so that when the valve is set across eitherfurrow, it abstracts it, and clears the other. The axis of*v the valveis at the back or larger end, and ex`` tends downward through the bottomof Vfur- A row, protruding some distance `below the bottom of the table.

The alterna0r-The alternator is so4 called because it causes the pickervalve tov open the straight furrow, and shutA the crooked one, at oneStroke 'of thelath, and t0 Open the crooked furrow yand lshut the 85(see drawings A F) is parallel to the first f ter.

straight one the vnext stroke. The alternator is a short cylinder withtwo contiguous equal parts taken out of its circumference, so as to forma point, and a shoulder on each side of the point (see drawings G andL). rl`he center of the alternator is attached firmly to that part ofthe axis of the valve that protrudes below the table, so that the valveand alternator have the same vertical axis, and move around a commoncen- The alternator is fixed with respect to the Yvalve in such aposition that when the valve is half opened, the linethat joins thepoint and center of the alternator, will be parallel to the straightfurrow in the picking table, the point of the alternator lying betweenits center and the back of the loom. The slide spring-The slide springis a piece of steel of uniform thickness, cut to the lateral formrepresented in drawing I. a, b, is the slide part. c and Z aresupporters that keep the slide in t-he same direction, 19 is a pin inthe slide part of the spring, on which the pins in the lower .part ofthe picker arm act in moving the spring backward and forward. f, g isthe spring part, the end g acts on the alternator.

Eplcmatz'on of Zhemotz'on of the @aloe 26e-Lety, a, (see Fig. L),represent the line inwhich the slide spring 20 moves, 19

the pin by which the spring is moved,k let q, O represent the valve 26half vope`n,`and let L, Z, p represent the alternator with its point o-nthe line O, Z, a, O being the common center. If the point of the valve26 be moved to 'r it is plain that the point Z of the alternator 27 willmove along the ar'c `u, Z, I? toward t past the line O, Z, a. Now` if 'aforce be applied to the back of pin 19 the spring will move forwardalong the line a, Z, O, and the point g will fall on theside Z, lf: ofthe back point of the alternator and sliding out toward-7c, it willpress on theV shoulder 7c at g in the direction a, u, g, and move thepoint g of the valve along the arc r s to s, and the point ofthealternator from t along Z, Z, u toward u past the line O, Z, a.Again, if a force be applied to the front of the pin 19 the spring 2Owill move back of the point Z of the alternator 27, and the elasticity-of the spring will bring it back to the line O, Z, a. Now if spring 2Ois driven fo-rward as before the point g will fall on the side Z p ofthe alternator 27 and sliding out toward 79 it will press on theshoulder p at g in the direction of a, t, g, and move the point g of 26from s to 1, and the point Z of'27 from 'a toward t past O, Z, a again.When the spring is drawn back again its elasticity brings it to the lineO, Z, a, andV in the next forward motion of the spring 2O the point gfalls on the side Z 7c of 27 again, and so the operation proceeds, thespring 20 alternately pressing. on the shoulders 7c and p, and the valve26 alternately shutting the straight and crooked furrows.

The cz'ccer wmf-The' kicker arm consists of two parts extending from theback of the lathe for the purpose of aording a fulcrum for the pickerstaff, and a guide to the lathe. The upper part 11 of the picker armpasses over, and the lower part 12 passes under the table in drawing A),and are connected through the mortise 22, 2 3 (see drawings A, F, G), bythe axes of the rolls 15 and the staff 13 (see drawings Aand E), thepins 17 and 18 are fixed in the bottom of the lower part of the armperpendicu- C larly downward in a position to come in contact with thepin 19 (see drawings A, E, G), the distance between the pins 17 and 18is somewhat less than the distance that the lathe moves. The pin 19 ofthe slide spring 20 (see drawings A, E, G) is placed between the pins417 and 18 so that in the backward motion of the lathe the pin 18yplresses on the pin 19, moving it back a short along the picker rod.Near the axis of the picker staff is the picker roller 16 (see drawi ingE), that turns o-n'a pin extending per- V pendicularly downward from thestaff. The picker staff plays near to the upper surface of the pickertable while the roller 15 runs in the mortise 22, 23 (see drawing F) andthe picker roller 16 runs in the furrow in the table.

Operation of the picking lordner-When the lathe is driven forward, thepin 17 (see drawings A, E, G), presses on pin 19 (see drawings A, E, G),forcing theslide spring 2O (see .drawing G) forward, the front end ofwhich falling on one side ofthe point of the alternator 27 (see drawingG) slides o-ut to the shoulder of 27, turning it `and the valve in thatdirection. When the lathe is driven back the pin 18 (see A, E, G)presses on the pin 19 (see A, E, Gr) sliding 20 (see drawing-G) backofthe point 27. When the lathe is driven forward again the pin17`presses on the pin 19, forcing the slide 2O (see drawing Gr) forward,which having gained its natural position, falls on the other side of thepoint of 27 and sliding out to the shoulder on that side shifts thevalve across the other furrow.

' Operation of picking- Suppose the lathe to be forward, the valveacross the branch 24, 25 (see drawings AA and F), the picker roller 16(see drawings E and F), being .of course, in that posit-ion of the lathemoved up to 24, (this is a supposed position, the

drawing representing the lathe as being.

near the back point of its motion).

Now, when the loom is put in motion, the picker roller will passback-and forward again in the straight branch 24, 22 keeping the pointof the pickers staff at the outer end of the shuttle boX.

In the next backward motion of the lathe the picker valve having shiftedacross the straight furrow, while the roller 1@ was at' 24. The roller16 passes along the furrow 24, 22 (see Adrawings A and F), to the pointof the Valve, keeping the point of the staff at the outerend of the box,and rolling inward through the oblique part, carries the staif forwarddriving the shuttle across the warp, and then passing the parallel partkeeps the sta at the front end o-f the boX.

In the forward motion of the lathe the roller 16 carries the stall'I tothe outer end of the box. The picker valve is again shifted, and so theoperation proceeds, a like pontrivance being had at both ends of theoom.

Treadimg apparaitra-The marcher plate' is a piece of metal placedvertically under the center of the heddles. The heddle guides 41 (seedrawings A, B, C), are small square bars sliding perpendicularly inmortises in the upper part of the marcher plate. The upper end of theguides 41 (see A) are attached to t-he heddle bars, the lower ends arefurnished each with a hook in front and on one side, (in front withrespect to the plate) (see drawings B and C). The upper ends of thecatch'springs 40 (see drawings B, C) are attached to the marcher plate,the lower ends extending down to the hooks of the guides 41 (seedrawings B and C), when the guides are in their lowest position. Themain part of the springs is in the same lateral plane with the heddleguides, the lower end o-f each spring being furnished with a pinextending back to the marcher plate. vThe springs 40 serve to hold theheddle guides 41 down and to move the levers 38 to their naturalposition. The levers 38 are placed in a plane back of the plane of theheddle guides. The fulcrums of the levers are near their centers, theupper ends extending' up to the pins of the springs 40, the lower endsextend downto the bottom of the marcher plate and are furnished withpins 39 (see drawings B C and D), eX- tending out to the plane of theheddle guides. The levers cross each other as seen in drawing C. Themarcher 34 (see drawings A B M and C) is a uniform rectilineal piecefurnished with a hook y (see drawings B and M) at the upper end. Themarcher pitman 33 (see drawing B) is also attached to the upper end ofthe marcher. Near the lower end of the marcher is the oblique themarcher `and the marcher plate in the slide 36 (see drawings B M and C)between same .lateral plane l'with the pins 39, the, l

marcher .slides perpendicularly up j and vdown in mortises 1 and 2(drawing'M) in The,

the two parts of the marcher slide; mortises 1 and 2 are formed, as seenin drawing M, so asftol allow the connective 3 between the vo-bliqueslide and ymarcher .to pass both parts ofthe marcher slide. The marcher'slide 35 (/see drawings C, M and D) isa unifo-rm'rectilineal piece bentto the form seen-inr drawing C, the twoparts of the Ymarcher lslide areplaced one above the other,

to the marcher plate (dr. O) the' other end extends across the plate,and is made to press on the edge of the marcher slide, the line ofdirection making equal angles with the' two adjacent surfaces, asrepresented in Fig. H.

Explanation of the operation of the catch 37.-Let a, c, fw, Fig. H,represent a sect-ion of the marcher slide and let 7i, fu', ,representthe catch in its natural position with respect to the slidenow we maysuppose e o to represent the quantity `and direction of the force thatholds the catch in its position, and we may suppose e, e to be that partof e, v that causes the catch to pass theline e, a, and e, c that partof e c that causes the catch to pass the line e, w. Now if the side c,72., of the catch 37, is placed on w, e, the force e, o is destroyedbythe reaction of the side w, e, while the force c, o is unimpaired,therefore the point o will be found atc. By the same reasoning, if theslide -i c" be placed on e, .a it may be shown that c will be found onc", hence it .isv plainthat when the catch is placed on either side e, aor e, w, ofthe slide, it. will remainon that side until it is shifted.Now this shifting is (see draw. M and D) and the cavity w and inclinedplane w The breadth e e (dr. M) of the inclined planey n, m, the breadthCZ CZ, c c, b b, &c. of the- 115.` effected by means of the inclinedplane n, m, Y

side sustains theV pressure of 42 from the perpendicular part'ofthe-notches `(see dra. 1W) Now when the slide is drawn forward,

' the marcher catch 37 at m, fallsY successively into the notches from mto` preventing the spring 42 from drawing the slide back until the pointx reaches the catch, where it regains its natural positionby fallinginto the cavity (dr. M). `When the slide is drawn back the catch 37slides u-p the in clined plane m m on to the side adjacentto the notchedside where it offers no' resistance to the backward `motion of theslide. When the slide has reached the extremity of `its backwardmotionrthe catch'37 regains its natural position again. When the slideis drawn forward again the catch is raised von to the notched side bythe action of the inclined plane n m, (dr. M) and then fallsj into thenotches as before.

Operation of treaZz'ng.-When the main` shaft is put in motion, by meansof the2 crank 2S, the pitman 29, the` lever 30, and the marcher pitman33, the marcher 34 is:` made to perform its motion. When the marcher 34(see drs. B M and C) is drawnl down, the oblique slide 36 (see BM` andC), by pressing on one of the pins 39 (see drws. B C and D), moves thelever 3S aside, (see B and C), which moves the catch spring 40 (see Band C), aside out of the hook in the heddle guide 4:1, (see B and C),leaving it at liberty to rise. At the same time the hook y, on themarcher catches the front hook on the corresponding heddle guide, and

draws it down to the lower end of the catch 40, which falls into thehook on the side of the guide, preventing it from rising. When themarcher rises again, the catch spring 40 having moved the lever 38 toits natural position, the upper point of the oblique slide 36 catches onthe other side o-f the pin 39, which moves the marcher and marcher slideforward where they :are held by the ymarcher catch 37 and spring 42, ina position to act on the next heddle guide, and thus the operationproceeds until all the heddles have been shifted; the `connection of theheddle guides with the heddles and heddle rollers being such that 4whenone guide is drawn down, the corresponding one being `let loose, isdrawn up at the same time.

When the last guide is brought down, the marcher, on rising, is movedforward als usual; but as soon as the slide 36 passes the pin 39, thecatch 37 having fallen by the side of slide 35, at m', the marcherAslide and marcher are shifted 'back by the `spring 42, in a position toact on the first heddle guide again. There they marcher commences itsregular journey and passes through, as before. By this contrivan'ce, anynumber of lieddles may be worked in any order by the arrangements of thelevers 38 and the rollers 4:4. i

VV-hat we claim as our invention, and desire-to secure by LettersPatent, is as folilows:

1. We claim the combination of the picker valve alternator, and slidespring, operated in the manner and for the purposes described.

2. We claim the combination of the' picker table, picker arm, pickerstaff, picker roller and roller 15, arranged in. the manner and used forthe purpose setforth.

3. )Ve also claim the combination of the marcher, oblique slide, marcherslide, marcher catch, levers 38, catch springs and heddle guides,constructed in the mannerV and for the purpose `set forth.

ALFRED BIGELOW. J USTUS BUTLER. Witnesses:

WALTER L. CLEMoNs, WM. CLEMONS.

